Walters Ms. W.174, Missal of Eberhard von Greiffenklau

W.174

Missal of Eberhard von Greiffenklau

Missal

The Missal of Eberhard von Greiffenklau is a masterpiece of Dutch manuscript painting. It was originally produced in the second quarter of the fifteenth century for von Greiffenklau, prebendary of Utrecht from 1446. The manuscript features work by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg, active in the Utrecht area between 1420 and 1440, so-named after the bishop of Utrecht (1425-1433), for whom they produced a magnificent Missal in the late 1420s (now Bressanone, Bibl. del Seminario Maggiore). This Missal also features work by the celebrated Master of Catherine of Cleves, linking it to possibly the finest Dutch illuminated manuscript ever made; the Hours of Catherine of Cleves of ca. 1440 (Morgan Library & Museum, M.917 and M.945). This extremely elaborate Missal is illuminated with one full-page miniature, fifty-two column miniatures and sixty-eight historiated initials throughout the manuscript, with the temporale and sanctorale sections being particularly richly decorated. In the late fifteenth century, a selection of prayers and sequences were added to the end of the manuscript in Germany, probably Mainz, and the volume was subsequently rebound with its current brown calf over boards, blind, rebacked binding either at that time or in the early sixteenth century.

Second quarter of the 15th century CE

Utrecht; additions, Germany, probably Mainz

Supplied name: Master of Catherine of Cleves

Supplied name: Masters of Zweder van Culemborg

Book

Liturgical

Scriptural

The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.

Foliation: ii+250

Fols. 235-250 added later (Germany, late fifteenth century)

Formula: ii, 1(4), 2(4,-4), 3-19(8), 20(8,+2 (ff.146-147-- an unsewn bifolio after 2)), 21(4,-4,+2 (ff.157-158--an unsewn bifolio after 3)), 22-30(8), 31(4), 32-33(8)

Catchwords: None

Signatures: None

Comments: Quires begin on fols. 1, 5, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120, 128, 136, 144, 154, 159, 167, 175, 183, 191 199, 207, 215, 223, 231, 235, 243

17.3 cm wide by 19.5 cm high

11.8 cm wide by 18.5 cm high

1. Columns: 2
2. Ruled lines: 21-38
3. Most of manuscript ruled with 35 lines, except for the canon (21) and fols. 231-234 (38); ruled in purple, except for the Calendar ruled in red (one column), and fols. 231-123 ruled in brown. Traces of instructions to illuminator in Dutch in the inside column, deep in the gutter of fols. 8v, 14v, 19r, 20v, 21r, 47r, 98v, 100v, 101v, 102v, 104r, 104v, 105v, 113r, 116r, 177r, 177v, 180r, 187v, 192v and 196r (most cannot be read unless the manuscript were to be disbound).

fols. 1r - 248v:

1. Title: Missal
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Hand note: Liturgical Gothic bookhand, usually in two sizes depending on liturgical function; much larger, multi-sized script used for the common of the mass, with proportionately wider spacing between the lines (21 vs. 35 lines within the same ruled space). At least three hands (fols. 1-227, 228-234), with additions in different scripts for two inserted bifolios (fols. 146-147, 157-158) and a third hand responsible for the sequences added in Germany during the late fifteenth century (fols. 235r-248v).
4. Decoration note: One full-page miniature; fifty-two column miniatures; Sixty-eight historiated initials (of which the last, on fol. 235r, was added in Germany, late 15th century); large decorated initials (4-6 lines); initials in alternating gold on purple with red and blue pen flourishing (1 line), capitals stroked with red; rubrics and underlining in red; text in black ink; fols. 235-248 added later: one-line initials alternate red and blue, two-line initials in blue, and a seven-line historiated initial

fols. 1r - 6v:

1. Title: Calendar
2. Rubric: Januarius habet dies xxxi. luna xxx
3. Incipit: Octaua sancti stephani prothomartiris
4. Contents: Calendar of the Carthusian Order; about half-full; graded in red and black
5. Decoration note: Undecorated

fols. 8r - 144v:

1. Title: Temporale
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Incipit: Ad te levavi animam meam
4. Contents: From the first Sunday of Advent to the 25th Sunday after the Octave of Pentecost
5. Decoration note: Thirty-two column miniatures, fols. 8r, 17v, 19v, 20v, 24v, 31r, 39r, 47r, 56r, 65v, 72v, 77v, 79v, 83r, 88r, 89v, 95r, 98v, 99v, 100v, 101v, 102v, 104r, 104v, 105v, 111v, 113r, 116r, 123r, 124r, 125r, and 127r; twenty-five historiated initials, fols. 8v, 9v, 10r, 11r, 12r, 14v, 15v, 16v, 18v, 19r, 21r, 22r, 22v, 23v, 24r, 25v, 27r, 28r, 30r, 40r, 71v, 73v, 143r, 144r

fols. 145r - 158v:

1. Title: Ordinary of the Mass
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Incipit: Gloria in excelsis deo
4. Contents: Fols. 145r-146v: Gloria and Credo; fols. 148r-152r: prefaces; fols. 153r-158v: canon
5. Decoration note: One full-page miniature, fol. 152v; ten historiated initials, fols. 145r, 148r, 149r, 149v, 150r, 151r, and 153r

fols. 159r - 173r:

1. Title: Votive masses
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Rubric: In dedicatione ecclesie
4. Incipit: Terribilis est locus iste hic domus dei
5. Contents: From the Dedication of a Church to masses for the Dead
6. Decoration note: Two column miniatures, fols. 159r & 168v; three historiated initials, fols. 160r, 162r, and 162v

fols. 173r - 218v:

1. Title: Sanctorale
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Rubric: In vigilia sancti Andree apostoli Collecta
4. Incipit: Quaesumus omnipotens deus
5. Contents: From the Vigil of St. Andrew to St. Catherine; notable: fol. 217v: prayers for Hugh of Lincoln
6. Decoration note: Nineteen column miniatures, fols. 173r, 174r, 175r, 176r, 177r, 177v, 180r, 180v, 181r, 181v, 183r, 185v, 187v, 191r, 193v, 194v, 196r, 197v and 201v; twenty-three historiated initials, fols. 174v, 179r; 184r, 185r, 186r, 186v, 187r, 188v, 190r, 192v, 198r, 200r, 202v, 203r, 204v, 206v, 207r, 207v, 212r, 214r, 214v, 215v, and 217v

fols. 218v - 223v:

1. Title: Common of Saints
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Rubric: Incipit commune sanctorum incipit primo de apostolis
4. Incipit: Michi autem nimis honorati
5. Decoration note: Five historiated initials, fols. 218v, 219r, 220v, 221v, and 222v

fols. 224r - 227v:

1. Title: Capitula and Collects for the Year
2. Artists: Master of Catherine of Cleves; Masters of Zweder van Culemborg
3. Rubric: In adventu domini
4. Incipit: Rorate coeli desuper et nubes pluant
5. Contents: Temporale, Sanctorale, and Common

fols. 228r - 234v:

1. Title: Added Texts (late fifteenth century)
2. Rubric: Secundum matheum
3. Incipit: In illo [tempore]
4. Contents: Masses of Palm Sunday, Fourth Sunday, Circumcision, Octave of Epiphany and Remigius and Hilary, the First Sunday after the Octave of Epiphany, the Saturday after Ash Wednesday, the Saturday before Palm Sunday, and Good Friday

fols. 235r - 248v:

1. Title: Added Sequences (Germany, late fifteenth century)
2. Rubric: In nativitate domini nostri ihesu christi Ad primam missam sequentia
3. Incipit: Grates nunc omnes reddamus domino deo
4. Decoration note: One historiated initial, fol. 235r

fol. 8r:

1. 
2. Title: King David in prayer in the Temple
3. Form: Column miniature serving as a historiated initial "A," 17 lines
4. Text: First Sunday in Advent

fol. 8v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ addresses the two disciples sent by John the Evangelist
3. Form: Historiated initial "P," 7 lines
4. Text: Second Sunday in Advent ("Dominica secunda")

fol. 9v:

1. 
2. Title: The priests and Levites interrogate John the Baptist
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: Third Sunday in Advent ("Dominica tertia")

fol. 10r:

1. 
2. Title: A prophet
3. Form: Historiated initial "R," 5 lines
4. Text: Feria quarta quatuor temporum (Advent Ember Week, first Ember Day)

fol. 11r:

1. 
2. Title: A prophet
3. Form: Historiated initial "P," 5 lines
4. Text: Feria sexta (Advent Ember Week, second Ember Day)

fol. 12r:

1. 
2. Title: A prophet kneeling in prayer
3. Form: Historiated initial "V," 5 lines
4. Text: Sabbato quatuor temporum (Advent Ember Week, third Ember Day)

fol. 14v:

1. 
2. Title: Column A: John the Baptist baptizing; Column B: Annunciation to Joseph
3. Form: Column A: Historiated initial "R," 7 lines; Column B: Historiated initial "H," 7 lines
4. Text: Column A: Fourth Sunday in Advent ("Dominica quarta"); Column B; Vigil of the Nativity ("In vigilia nativitatis domini")

fol. 15v:

1. 
2. Title: Annunciation to the Shepherds
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 7 lines
4. Text: First Christmas Mass ("Ad primam missam")

fol. 16v:

1. 
2. Title: Two shepherds look to the sky
3. Form: Historiated initial "L," 7 lines
4. Text: Second Christmas Mass ("In aurora")

fol. 17v:

1. 
2. Title: Nativity
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: Third Christmas Mass; Christmas Day, "Ad summam missam" (25 December)

fol. 18v:

1. 
2. Title: Circumcision of Jesus
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 8 lines
4. Text: Feast of the Circumcision, "In circumcisione domini" (1 January)

fol. 19r:

1. 
2. Title: Nativity
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 7 lines
4. Text: Sunday in the Octave of Christmas, "Dominica infra vel post nativitatem domini" (2 January)

fol. 19v:

1. 
2. Title: Adoration of the Magi
3. Form: Column miniature, 11 lines
4. Text: Epiphany, "In die Epyphanie domini" (6 January)

fol. 20v:

1. 
2. Title: Baptism of Christ
3. Form: Column miniature, 10 lines
4. Text: Octave of Epiphany, "Sancti Iohannem" (13 January)

fol. 21r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ among the Doctors
3. Form: Historiated initial "V," 7 lines
4. Text: First Sunday after Epiphany ("Doctrina prima post epyphinam")

fol. 22r:

1. 
2. Title: Miracle at Cana
3. Form: Historiated initial "O," 8 lines
4. Text: Second Sunday after Epiphany ("Dominica secunda")

fol. 22v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ healing a kneeling man
3. Form: Historiated initial "A," 8 lines
4. Text: Third Sunday after Epiphany ("Dominica tercia")

fol. 23v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ stills the storm at sea
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 8 lines
4. Text: Fourth Sunday after Epiphany ("Dominica quatuor")

fol. 24r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ holding the Orb and a scroll, blessing
3. Form: Historiated initial "F," 8 lines
4. Text: Fifth Sunday after Epiphany ("Dominica quinta")
5. Comment:

   The scroll is inscribed with a quotation from Matt. 11:28, "Venite ad me omnes qui laboravi."

fol. 24v:

1. 
2. Title: Parable of the laborers in the vineyard
3. Form: Column miniature, 13 lines
4. Text: Septuagesima (ninth Sunday before Easter) ("Doctrina in LXX Introitus")

fol. 25v:

1. 
2. Title: Parable of the Sower
3. Form: Historiated initial "E," 8 lines
4. Text: Sexagesima, "Doctrina in LX" (Second Sunday before Ash Wednesday)

fol. 27r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ heals the blind man
3. Form: Historiated initial "E," 8 lines
4. Text: Quinquagesima, "Dominica in L" (The Sunday before Ash Wednesday)

fol. 28r:

1. 
2. Title: Ceremony of Ash Wednesday
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 8 lines
4. Text: Ash Wednesday, "In capite ieiunii benedictio cinerum" (Beginning of Lent Ember Week)

fol. 30r:

1. 
2. Title: Praying man in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "A," 4 lines
4. Text: "Feria sexta" (Ember Day service for Lent Ember Week)

fol. 31r:

1. 
2. Title: Temptations of Christ by the Devil
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "Dominica in quadragesima" (First Sunday of Lent; end of Lent Ember Week)

fol. 39r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ and the Cananite woman
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "Doctrina secunda," Second Sunday of Quadregesima (Lent)

fol. 40r:

1. 
2. Title: A prophet kneeling in prayer
3. Form: Historiated initial "R," 6 lines
4. Text: "Feria secunda" (Service for second week of Lent)

fol. 47r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ heals the demoniac
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "Dominica tertia," Third Sunday of Quadragesima (Lent)

fol. 56r:

1. 
2. Title: Miracle of the loaves and fishes
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "Dominica quatuor," Fourth Sunday of Quadragesima (Lent)

fol. 65v:

1. 
2. Title: Jews take up stones to cast at Jesus
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "Dominica in passione domino," Sunday in Holy Week

fol. 71v:

1. 
2. Title: Blessing of the palms
3. Form: Historiated initial "O," 7 lines
4. Text: "Benedictio ramorum In doctrina palmarum," "Palm Sunday

fol. 72v:

1. 
2. Title: Entry into Jerusalem
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "In dominica palmarum Ad missam Introitus," Palm Sunday

fol. 73v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Matthew at his lectern
3. Form: Historiated initial "I," 7 lines
4. Text: "Passio domini nostri ihesu christi, Secondum matheum," Palm Sunday; Passion according to Matthew

fol. 77v:

1. 
2. Title: Mary Magdalene washes Christ's feet at Bethany
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "Feria secunda" (Holy Monday of Holy Week)

fol. 79v:

1. 
2. Title: Finding of the True Cross
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "Feria tertia" (Holy Tuesday of Holy Week)

fol. 83r:

1. 
2. Title: Judas receives the thirty pieces of silver
3. Form: Column miniature, 11 lines
4. Text: "Feria quarta" (Holy Wednesday of Holy Week)

fol. 88r:

1. 
2. Title: Last Supper
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "In cena domini" (Holy Thursday of Holy Week)

fol. 89v:

1. 
2. Title: Man of Sorrows supported in the Tomb by Angels, with the Instruments of the Passion
3. Form: Column miniature, 20 lines
4. Text: "In pasceue domini," Good Friday

fol. 95r:

1. 
2. Title: Harrowing of Hell
3. Form: Column miniature, 12 lines
4. Text: "Sabbato sancto," Holy Saturday

fol. 98v:

1. 
2. Title: Resurrection
3. Form: Column miniature, 22 lines
4. Text: Easter Sunday

fol. 99v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ and the Apostles on the road to Emmaus
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "Feria secunda" (Easter Monday)

fol. 100v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ appears to the Apostles at Jerusalem
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "Feria tertia" (Easter Tuesday)

fol. 101v:

1. 
2. Title: Calling of Peter
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "Feria quarta" (Easter Wednesday)

fol. 102v:

1. 
2. Title: Christ appears to Mary Magdalene at the sarcophagus; "Noli me tangere"
3. Form: Column miniature, 10 lines
4. Text: "Feria quinta" (Easter Thursday)

fol. 104r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ appears to the Apostles at Galilee
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "Feria sexta" (Easter Friday)

fol. 104v:

1. 
2. Title: Sts. Peter and John at the empty sepulcher
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "Sabbato" (Easter Saturday)

fol. 105v:

1. 
2. Title: Incredulity of St. Thomas
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "In octava pasche," End of Octave of Easter (also known as St. Thomas Sunday and Second Sunday of Easter)

fol. 111v:

1. 
2. Title: Ascension
3. Form: Column miniature, 18 lines
4. Text: "In die ascensionis domini," Ascension

fol. 113r:

1. 
2. Title: Sacrifice of Isaac
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia penthecostes," Vigil of Pentecost

fol. 116r:

1. 
2. Title: Pentecost
3. Form: Column miniature, 21 lines
4. Text: Pentecost or Whitsunday (beginning of Whitsun Ember Week)

fol. 123r:

1. 
2. Title: Gnadenstuhl Trinity
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "De Sancta trinitate," Trinity Sunday

fol. 124r:

1. 
2. Title: Communion
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "De sacramento missa," Corpus Christi

fol. 125r:

1. 
2. Title: Parable of the rich man and poor Lazarus
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "Doctrina prima post octava pentecostes," First Sunday after the Octave of Pentecost

fol. 127r:

1. 
2. Title: Repentant sinner kneels in prayer to Christ
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "Doctrina tertia," Third Sunday after the Octave of Pentecost

fol. 143r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ confounds the Pharisees over the Coin of the Tribute
3. Form: Historiated initial "S," 7 lines
4. Text: "Doctrina XXIII," 23rd Sunday after the Octave of Pentecost

fol. 144r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ preaches to the Multitude
3. Form: Historiated initial "E," 6 lines
4. Text: "Doctrina XXV," 25th Sunday after the Octave of Pentecost

fol. 145r:

1. 
2. Title: Column A: Angel in half-length singing the Gloria; Column B: Praying peacon in half-length
3. Form: Column A: Historiated initial "G," 3 lines; Column B; Historiated initial "C," 3 lines
4. Text: Column A: Gloria; Column B: Credo

fol. 148r:

1. 
2. Title: Column A: Christ holding the orb and blessing in half-length; Column B: Virgin Mary in prayer in half-length
3. Form: Column A: Historiated initial "P," 4 lines; Column B: Historiated initial "C," 3 lines
4. Text: Column A: "Prefacio de nativitate domino," Christmas; Column B: "Infra actionem"

fol. 149r:

1. 
2. Title: Risen Christ in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "C," 3 lines
4. Text: Preface, Easter, "Infra canonem"

fol. 149v:

1. 
2. Title: Dove of the Holy Spirit in tongues of fire
3. Form: Historiated initial "C," 3 lines
4. Text: "De ascensione domini, Prefatio," Ascension

fol. 150r:

1. 
2. Title: Column A: Dove of the Holy Spirit in tongues of fire; Column B: Priest in prayer in half-length
3. Form: Column A: Historiated initial "C," 3 lines; Column B: Historiated initial "H," 3 lines
4. Text: Column A: "Infra canonem," Holy Spirit; Column B: "De sancta trinitate, Prefatio"

fol. 151r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Peter in prayer in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "V," 3 lines
4. Text: 'Prefatio de apostolis," Apostles

fol. 152v:

1. 
2. Title: Crucifixion
3. Form: Full-page miniature
4. Text: Canon

fol. 153r:

1. 
2. Title: Priest performing Mass before Two Donors
3. Form: Historiated initial "T," 8 lines
4. Text: Canon: "Te igitur"

fol. 159r:

1. 
2. Title: Christ bids Zaccheus descend from the Tree
3. Form: Column miniature, 17 lines
4. Text: "In dedicatione ecclesie," Dedication of a Church

fol. 160r:

1. 
2. Title: Gnadenstuhl Trinity
3. Form: Historiated initial "B," 7 lines
4. Text: "In commemoratione de sancta trinitate," Votive Mass of the Trinity

fol. 162r:

1. 
2. Title: Madonna and Child in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "S," 6 lines
4. Text: "In commemoratione benedicte marie virginis," Votive Mass of the Virgin

fol. 162v:

1. 
2. Title: Annunciation
3. Form: Historiated initial "R," 6 lines
4. Text: "De domina nostra in adventu," votive mass of the Virgin for Advent
5. Label: 25 March

fol. 168v:

1. 
2. Title: Souls in Purgatory
3. Form: Column miniature, 18 lines
4. Text: "Pro defunctis primum," votive mass of the dead

fol. 173r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Andrew
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia sancti Andree apostoli" (30 November)

fol. 174r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Nicholas
3. Form: Column miniature, 13 lines
4. Text: "In festo sancti nycholai epistoli" (6 December)

fol. 174v:

1. 
2. Title: Martyrdom of St. Lucy in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 6 lines
4. Text: "Lucie virginis" (13 December)

fol. 175r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Thomas
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia sancti thome apostoli" (21 December)

fol. 176r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Stephen
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "De sancto stephano" (26 December)

fol. 177r:

1. 
2. Title: St. John the Evangelist
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "De sancto iohanne evangelista" (27 December)

fol. 177v:

1. 
2. Title: Massacre of the Innocents
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "De innocentibus" (28 December)

fol. 179r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Anthony
3. Form: Historiated initial "O," 7 lines
4. Text: "Anthonii abbatis" (17 January)

fol. 180r:

1. 
2. Title: SS. Fabian and Sebastian
3. Form: Column miniature, 11 lines
4. Text: "Fabiani et sebastiani" (20 January)

fol. 180v:

1. 
2. Title: Martyrdom of St. Agnes
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "Agentis virginis" (21 January)

fol. 181r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Vincent
3. Form: Column miniature, 13 lines
4. Text: "De sancto vincentio" (22 January)

fol. 181v:

1. 
2. Title: Conversion of St. Paul
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "In conversione sancti pauli" (25 January)

fol. 183r:

1. 
2. Title: Presentation in the Temple
3. Form: Column miniature, 16 lines
4. Text: "In purificatione beate marie benedicio cereorum" (2 February)

fol. 184r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Agatha in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: ''Agathe virginis et martyris" (5 February)

fol. 185r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Peter as pope in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 7 lines
4. Text: "In cathedra sancti petri apostoli" (22 February)

fol. 185v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Matthias
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "Mathie apostoli" (24 February)

fol. 186r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Gregory in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 7 lines
4. Text: "Gregorii pape" (12 March)

fol. 186v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Gregory in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 7 lines
4. Text: "Georgii martyris" (23 April)

fol. 187r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Mark in his study
3. Form: Historiated initial "P," 7 lines
4. Text: "Marci evangeliste" (25 April)

fol. 187v:

1. 
2. Title: SS. Philip and James Minor
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "Philipi et iacobi apostolrum" (1 May)

fol. 188v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Helena with the True Cross in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "N," 8 lines
4. Text: "Sancti crucis" (May 21)

fol. 190r:

1. 
2. Title: Annunciation to Zacharias
3. Form: Historiated initial "N," 7 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia sancti iohannis baptiste," Vigil of St. John the Baptist

fol. 191r:

1. 
2. Title: Birth and naming of St. John the Baptist
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "In die sancto" (24 June)

fol. 192v:

1. 
2. Title: SS. Peter and John heal the Lame Man
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 7 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia petri et pauli" (26 June)

fol. 193v:

1. 
2. Title: Liberation of St. Peter
3. Form: Column miniature, 14 lines
4. Text: "In die sancto" (29 June)

fol. 194v:

1. 
2. Title: Martyrdom of St. Paul
3. Form: Column miniature, 15 lines
4. Text: "In commemoratione sancti pauli" (30 June)

fol. 196r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Mary Magdalene in the Desert
3. Form: Column miniature, 9 lines
4. Text: "Marie magdalena" (22 July)

fol. 197v:

1. 
2. Title: St. James Major
3. Form: Column miniature, 12 lines
4. Text: "In die sancti Iacobi" (25 July)

fol. 198r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Anne enthroned, with the Virgin and Child at her feet
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 8 lines
4. Text: "De sancta Anna" (26 July)

fol. 200r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Lawrence, standing on his persecutor
3. Form: Historiated initial "C," 7 lines
4. Text: "In die festo" (10 August)

fol. 201v:

1. 
2. Title: Assumption of the Virgin
3. Form: Column miniature, 13 lines
4. Text: "In die sancto" (15 August)

fol. 202v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Bartholomew
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 7 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia bartholomei sancti" (24 August)

fol. 203r:

1. 
2. Title: Decollation of St. John the Baptist
3. Form: Historiated initial "L," 7 lines
4. Text: "In decollatione Iohannis baptiste" (29 August)

fol. 204v:

1. 
2. Title: Birth of the Virgin
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: "In nativitate beate marie virginis" (8 September)

fol. 206v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Matthew at his Lectern
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 6 lines
4. Text: "Sancti matheum" (21 September)

fol. 207r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Maurice in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 5 lines
4. Text: "Mauritii et aliorum martyre" (22 September)

fol. 207v:

1. 
2. Title: Saint in half-length (Jacob?)
3. Form: Historiated initial "E," 6 lines
4. Text: "Feria quarta quatuor temporum" (Fourth Sunday after Ash Wednesday; 23-28 September)
5. Label: 23-28 September

fol. 212r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Michael battles the Demon
3. Form: Historiated initial "B," 7 lines
4. Text: "Michaelis archangeli" (29 September)

fol. 214r:

1. 
2. Title: St. Ursula with the 11,000 Virgins beneath her cloak
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: "Undecimi milium virginum" (21 October)

fol. 214v:

1. 
2. Title: SS. Simon and Jude in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "D," 6 lines
4. Text: "In vigilia apostolorum symonis et iude" (28 October)

fol. 215v:

1. 
2. Title: All Saints
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: "In die sancto" (1 November)

fol. 217v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Cecilia in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 6 lines
4. Text: "Ceclie virginis et martyris" (22 November)

fol. 218v:

1. 
2. Title: St. Peter in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 7 lines
4. Text: Incipit de commemoratione sanctorium, Primo de apostolis

fol. 219r:

1. 
2. Title: Martyr in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "L," 7 lines
4. Text: "De uno martyre," Common: Martyr

fol. 220v:

1. 
2. Title: Bishop in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "S," 7 lines
4. Text: "De uno confesse et pontifice," Common: Confessor

fol. 221v:

1. 
2. Title: Male Saint in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "O," 7 lines
4. Text: "De confesse non pontifice", Common: Confessor

fol. 222v:

1. 
2. Title: Female saint in half-length
3. Form: Historiated initial "M," 7 lines
4. Text: "De una virgine et martyre," Common: Virgin martyr

fol. 235r:

1. 
2. Title: Three clerics chanting, a layman kneeling at the right
3. Form: Historiated initial "G," 7 lines
4. Text: In nativitate domini nostri ihesu christi ad primam missam sequentia

The binding is not original.

Fifteenth- or sixteenth-century brown calf over boards, blind, rebacked, corners repaired in tan calf; quadruple fillets forming a diaper pattern, sewn on five raised bands, the six panels of the spine decorated with a crossing pattern of quadruple fillets; brass clasps and catches

Manuscript was made for Carthusian use, probably for a member of the family of Greiffenklau, perhaps Eberhard von Greiffenklau (c.1410-89), dean of the cathedral of Mainz and prebendary of Utrecht from 1446. The Greiffenklau arms appear in the lower right corner of fol. 8r (simply outlined in red and gold, uncolored; quarters with the Ippelbrunn arms--see fol. 152v, upper left, sable a bend sinister argent--in 1398 with the marriage of the daughter of Irmgard van Ippelbrunn to Eberhard's father, Frederick von Greiffenklau). However, the Greiffenklau family were nobility from near Cleves (Eberhard owned the castle of Volrat near Wesel on Rhine, in Cleves) and had no connection with Utrecht in the 1430s, so the manuscript was probably not made in Utrecht.

Coat-of-arms, some erased or possibly over-painted, appear on two leaves: on fol. 8r (three angels displaying coats of arms in the top left, top right and bottom right corners of the folio and an angel bearing a crested helmet in the middle right margin of Col. B) and on fol. 152v the corners of the Crucifixion miniature display arms representing prominent patrons or members of families in the clerical hierarchy connected with the monastery (at all four corners of the frame of the Crucifixion miniature)

Dr. Jacob von Hefner-Alteneck (1811-1903), director of the Bayerische Nationalmuseum and keeper of Bavarian Antiquities

Jacques Rosenthal, Munich (obtained at sale of Hefner-Alteneck's estate, Munich, Galerie Hugo Helbing, June 6, 1904, II, p. 106, lot 500; 6 ills. on pls. C and D following p. 106).

Henry Walters, Baltimore, probably obtained from Rosenthal, before 1931

Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest

Hoogewerff, G. J. Gelderse miniatuurschildes in de eerste helft van de XVde eeuw. Oud Holland. LXXVI (1961), pp.33-4, 43-4, figs. 28-32.

Los Angeles County Museum. Medieval and Renaissance Illuminated Manuscripts: A Loan Exhibition, November 25, 1953-January 9, 1954. p. 27, no. 75.

Bloem, Miranda. "New Light on Three Miniatures from the Egmond Breviary." Oud Holland 125 (2012): pp. 69-89 at p. 89 n. 31 (fol. 98v).

De Ricci, Seymour, and W.J. Wilson. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York, 1935-1940, p. 776, no. 122.

Delaissé, L.M.J. A Century of Dutch Manuscript Illumination. Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1968, pp. 24-25, figs. 28-34.

Panofsky, E. Early Netherlandish Painting. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1953. Vol. I, pp. 103, 398 (no. 102); Vol. II, p. 91.

Avril, François. L'Enluminure à l'époque gothique, 1200-1420. Paris: Bibliothèque de l'image, 1995, p. 126.

Noel, William. "The Origins of Dutch Painting: The Beauty and Importance of Dutch Manuscripts." The Walters Magazine 51, no. 2 (1998): p. 7 (fol. 152v).

Miner, D. "Dutch Illuminated Manuscripts in the Walters Art Gallery." Connoisseur Yearbook, 1955, pp. 70-74, figs. v-ix.

Buck, Stephanie. Die Niederländischen Zeichnungen des 15. Jahrhunderts im Berliner Kupferstichkabinett. Turnhout: Brepols, 2001, p. 65 (fol. 19v).

Oberlin College. Spring Bulletin 1960, pp. 102, 104, no. 23, ill. p. 105.

Rijksmuseum. Middeleeuwse Kunst der Noordelijke Nederlanden. Amsterdam 1958, pp. 122-3, no. 154, figs. 78-80.

Leson, Richard. "For This Is My Body." The Walters Magazine 61, no. 4 (2006): p. 7 (fols. 152v-153r).

Byvanck, A. W. Kroniek der Noord-Nederlandsche Miniaturen, III. Oudheidkundig Jaarboek, 4th ser., IX. 1940, pp. 36-7, figs. 18-19.

Foister, Susan, Sue Jones, and Delphine Cool, eds. Investigating Jan van Eyck. Turnhout: Brepols, 2000, p. 191.

Calkins, Robert G. Distribution of Labor: The Illuminators of the Hours of the Catherine of Cleves and Their Workshop, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 69, part 5 (1979), pp. 34-39, with figs. 26-33

Byvanck, A. W. De Middeleeuwsche Boekillustratie in de Noordelijke Nederlanden. Antwerp, 1943, p. 28, figs. 19-20.

van Buren, Anne H., James H. Marrow, and Silvana Pettenati. Heures de Turin-Milan: Inv. no. 47, Museo Civico d'Arte Antica, Torino. Lucerne: Faksimile Verlag, 1996, fol. 79v.

Miner, D. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, 1949, p.48, no. 128, pl. XLIX.

Leson, Richard. "The Early History of the Bible." The Walters Magazine 59, no. 4 (2004): p. 7 (fols. 153v-154r).

Priem, Rob, et al. The Hours of Catherine of Cleves: Devotion, Demons and Daily Life in the Fifteenth Century. New York: The Morgan Library & Museum, 2009, pp. 202-203, cat. no. 31.

Principal cataloger: Marrow, James

Catalogers: Devine, Alex; Dutschke, Consuelo; Herbert, Lynley; Valle, Chiara

Editor: Herbert, Lynley

Copy editor: Dibble, Charles

Conservators: Owen, Linda; Quandt, Abigail

Contributors: Bockrath, Diane; Boot, Christine; Emery, Doug; Noel, William; Tabritha, Ariel; Toth, Michael B.

The Walters Art Museum

Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.